This section lists the sound cards and interfaces that are currently supported under Linux. The information here is based on the latest Linux kernel, which at time of writing was version 2.4.4. This document only applies to the sound drivers included with the standard Linux kernel source distribution. There are other sound drivers available for Linux (see the later section entitled Alternate Sound Drivers).
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For the latest information on supported sound cards and features see the files included with the Linux kernel source code, usually installed in the directory /usr/src/linux/Documentation/sound. The information in this HOWTO is valid for Linux on the Intel x86 platform.
Next, select the driver from the list to download or view the details of that particular driver. This manufacturer makes BIOS / Motherboard, Card Reader, CD / DVD, Digital Camera, Displays, Game Controller, Graphics / Video Adapter, Hard Disk Controller, Input Devices (mouse, etc.), Laptop, Modem / ISDN, Network Devices, Other Devices, Printer / Plotter / Multi-Office, Removable Drive. Trident Driver Update Utility - free scan to check which drivers are out-of-date. All 4d Wave DX-1 Driver Updates. Trident Driver Downloads - most popular Trident drivers. Audio Driver Downloads - most popular Audio drivers. Sound Card Driver Downloads - most popular Sound Card drivers. Trident Sound / Audio Driver Updates for Windows - most popular Trident Sound / Audio drivers. If you are having driver/software problems with your digital output sound card. Hoontech SoundTrack 4DWAVE-NX, Soundcard (w/NX DB I digital output interface), $47. Soundcard is based on Trident 4DWAVE chip and includes onboard.
The sound driver should also work with most sound cards on the Alpha platform. However, some cards may conflict with I/O ports of other devices on Alpha systems even though they work perfectly on i386 machines, so in general it's not possible to tell if a given card will work or not without actually trying it. Users have reported that the sound driver was not yet working on the PowerPC version of Linux, but it should be supported in future. Sound can be configured into the kernel under the MIPs port of Linux, and some MIPs machines have EISA slots and/or built in sound hardware. I'm told the Linux-MIPs group is interested in adding sound support in the future. The Linux kernel includes a separate driver for the Atari and Amiga versions of Linux that implements a compatible subset of the sound driver on the Intel platform using the built-in sound hardware on these machines.
The SPARC port of Linux currently has sound support for some models of Sun workstations. I've been told that the on-board sound hardware works but the external DSP audio box is not supported because Sun has not released the specifications for it. A number of different types of sound cards exist, reflecting the different bus architectures available. Here is a brief overview of the more common types and their distinguishing features. ISA bus cards are among the oldest sound cards using the original (non Plug and Play) ISA bus. These typically use jumpers to select hardware settings for I/O addresses, IRQ, and DMA channel.
You are unlikely to find any of this type manufactured today. ISA Plug and Play cards use the extended version of the ISA bus that supports software identification and configuration of card settings. Few of these, if any, are still being manufactured.
PCI bus cards use the higher bandwidth PCI bus which provides identification and configuration of cards in software. The majority of sound cards manufactured today now use PCI. Most motherboards that provide on-board sound hardware also make use of the PCI bus. USB is a newer bus architecture for external hot-pluggable devices. In theory USB bus sound cards could be developed, but I am only aware of USB-bus speakers being sold currently. Sound support in the Linux kernel was originally written by Hannu Savolainen.
Hannu then went on to develop the Open Sound system, a commercial set of sound drivers sold by 4Front Technologies that is supported on a number of Unix systems. Red Hat Software sponsored Alan Cox to enhance the kernel sound drivers to make them fully modular. Various other people also contributed bug fixes and developed additional drivers for new sound cards. These modified drivers were shipped by Red Hat in their 5.0 through 5.2 releases. These changes have now been integrated into the standard kernel as of version 2.0.
Alan Cox is now the maintainer of the standard kernel sound drivers, although Hannu still periodically contributes code taken from the commercial driver. The commercial Open Sound System driver from 4Front Technologies tends to be easier to configure and support more sound cards, particularly the newer models. It is also compatible with applications written for the standard kernel sound drivers. The disadvantage is that you need to pay for it, and you do not get source code.
You can download a free evaluation copy of the product before deciding whether to purchase it. For more information see the 4Front Technologies web page at. Jaroslav Kysela and others started writing an alternate sound driver for the Gravis UltraSound Card. The project was renamed Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) and has resulted in what they believe is a more generally usable sound driver that can be used as a replacement for the built-in kernel drivers. The ALSA drivers support a number of popular sound cards, are full duplex, fully modularized, and compatible with the sound architecture in the kernel. The main web site of the ALSA project is.
A separate 'Alsa-sound-mini-HOWTO' is available which deals with compiling and installing these drivers. The ALSA drivers may move into the standard Linux kernel as part of the 2.5 kernel development.
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Markus Mummert has written a driver package for the Turtle Beach MultiSound (classic), Tahiti, and Monterey sound cards. The documentation states: It is designed for high quality hard disk recording/playback without losing sync even on a busy system. Other features such as wave synthesis, MIDI and digital signal processor (DSP) cannot be used. Also, recording and playback at the same time is not possible.
It currently replaces VoxWare and was tested on several kernel versions ranging from 1.0.9 to 1.2.1. Also, it is installable on UN.X SysV386R3.2 systems. It can be found at. Kim Burgaard has written a device driver and utilities for the Roland MPU-401 MIDI interface. The Linux software map entry gives this description: A device driver for true Roland MPU-401 compatible MIDI interfaces (including Roland SCC-1 and RAP-10/ATW-10). Comes with a useful collection of utilities including a Standard MIDI File player and recorder.
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Numerous improvements have been made since version 0.11a. Among other things, the driver now features IRQ sharing policy and complies with the new kernel module interface.
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Metronome functionality, possibility for synchronizing e.g. Graphics on a per beat basis without losing precision, advanced replay/record/overdub interface and much, much more. It can be found at.